The History of the Leonberger: A Noble Giant with a Storied Past
The Leonberger is a breed with a regal appearance and a rich, complex history rooted in 19th-century Europe. Originally bred to resemble the lion on the coat of arms of the town of Leonberg, Germany, the Leonberger has long been admired for its strength, elegance, and gentle temperament. From the salons of royalty to the frontlines of war, this majestic breed has left an indelible pawprint on history.
The Vision of Heinrich Essig
The Leonberger owes its creation to one man: Heinrich Essig, a politician, entrepreneur, and dog breeder from the town of Leonberg in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. In the 1830s and 1840s, Essig set out to develop a dog that would embody the grandeur of a lion—both in appearance and spirit. His goal was to create a breed that was not only striking in looks but also versatile, intelligent, and good-natured.
To achieve this, Essig is believed to have crossed a female Landseer Newfoundland (a white-and-black variant of the Newfoundland) with a Saint Bernard from the Great St. Bernard Hospice. Later, he introduced the Pyrenean Mountain Dog (Great Pyrenees) into the mix. By 1846, the first dogs identifiable as Leonbergers were being produced, boasting a golden-reddish coat, impressive size, and a calm, noble expression.
Essig marketed his creation as a symbol of civic pride and as a companion suitable for the highest echelons of society.
Leonbergers and Royalty
The Leonberger quickly caught the eye of European nobility. Their imposing stature, elegant coats, and gentle demeanor made them ideal estate dogs and loyal companions. Throughout the late 19th century, they were owned by some of the most influential figures of the time, including:
Empress Elisabeth of Austria (“Sisi”)
Napoleon III of France
Tsar Alexander II of Russia
The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII)
These royal connections helped elevate the breed’s status, cementing its reputation as a dog of distinction. However, the breed’s popularity was not just a matter of aesthetics—Leonbergers were prized for their intelligence, strength, and reliability.
Leonbergers in War: A Role of Service and Sacrifice
World War I
During World War I, Leonbergers were used by the German army for their strength and trainability. They served as draft animals, pulling carts loaded with supplies, ammunition, and even the wounded. Their calm temperament made them suitable for the chaos of the battlefield, but the harsh conditions and lack of food took a devastating toll on the breed. By the end of the war, only a handful of Leonbergers remained, mostly in the hands of dedicated breeders who worked tirelessly to preserve the lineage..
World War II was even more devastating. The breed was again used in the war effort and faced near extinction. By the war’s end, only eight Leonbergers remained in Europe—four males and four females. These precious few formed the foundation of the modern Leonberger population we know today.
Thanks to the passion and perseverance of post-war breeders, the breed was painstakingly rebuilt. Their efforts saved the Leonberger from vanishing forever.
The Leonberger Today
Today, the Leonberger is recognized by kennel clubs around the world, including the American Kennel Club (AKC), United Kennel Club (UKC), and Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). While still relatively rare, the breed has grown in popularity due to its gentle temperament, intelligence, and striking appearance.
Leonbergers are now cherished family companions, therapy dogs, and working dogs. Their calm demeanor and intuitive nature make them particularly suited for roles in search and rescue, water work, and emotional support.
Leonrua Leonbergers – Honouring the Legacy
At Leonrua Leonbergers, we are deeply honoured to be part of the next chapter in this breed’s incredible journey. Our name, Leonrua—a nod to both the breed’s lion-hearted roots and our deep respect for heritage—reflects our mission: to raise Leonbergers that are healthy, true to type, and raised with love.
We are committed to preserving the noble temperament and majestic presence of the Leonberger while ensuring they grow up to be gentle, well-socialised companions. Whether destined for the show ring, working life, or your family’s sofa, our Leonbergers are bred to embody the spirit that once walked beside emperors—and today, walks beside you.
More Than a Dog – A Legacy
The Leonberger is not just a dog. It is a living link to history, a loyal companion, and a heartwarming presence in the lives of those lucky enough to know one. At www.leonrua.com, we invite you to explore the breed, learn more about our dogs, and join us in celebrating a legacy that spans centuries.
Welcome to Leonrua Leonbergers—where history lives, and legends are raised with care
